TEACHING MODELS: ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW

There are different types of teaching models and it becomes really difficult to study them. Do you find it difficult to learn or write about teaching models or your teacher gives you an assignment to do that? I myself as a student faced these difficulties. So, After studying a lot of books, I have simplified the teaching models and arranged it in a sequential manner to make it easy to understand. YOU can take advantage of this.

MEANING

A teaching model is a plan which can be used to shape curriculum (long term course of study), to design instructional material and to guide the instructions in the classroom. The major aim of a teaching model is to make instructions effective in an interactive atmosphere to improve the curriculum.

Teaching models are just instructional designs, they are used to describe the process of specifying and producing particular environmental situations which cause the student to interact in such a way that it brings a specific change in his behavior.

DEFINITIONS

Modelling is an individual demonstrating particular pattern which a trainee performs through imitation.

Allen and Ryan (1969)

Teaching model is a pattern or plan which can be a curriculum or courses to select instructional materials and to guide a teacher’s actions.

Joyce and Weil (1972)

A model of teaching consist of guidelines for designing educational activities and environments, It is a plan that can also be utilized to shape courses of studies, instructional material and guide instruction.

Prof. B. K. Passi , L. C. Singh (1991)

CHARACTERISTICS

• Specification of learning outcomes which means what student should perform after instructional process.
• Modification of behavior of learners takes place in a scientific and systematic procedure.
• Specification of environment to observe response of learners.
• Reaction and interaction with environment is specified.
• Specification of criteria of performance of learners.

FUNCTIONS

• Helps in Designing and specifying instructional objectives.
• guides the teacher to select strategies, techniques and methods.
• Attainment of desirable behavioral change in learners.
• Creates favorable learning environment.
• Helps in Developing and selecting instructional material.
• Facilitates in Specifying teaching learning activities.
• It helps in construction of curriculum.
• Teaching models acts as the basis of teaching theories.
• It helps the teacher to select the appropriate instructional material.
• Educational activities are designed on the basis of teaching models.

HISTORICAL TEACHING MODELS

SOCRATIC TEACHING MODEL

• It was proposed by SOCRATES.
• It promotes open ended enquiry.
• Teacher and learner both develop a deeper understanding of concepts.

CLASSICAL HUMANISTIC MODEL

• Propounded by ABRAHAM MASLOW & CARL ROGERS.
• It majorly focuses on freedom, potential and dignity.
• Teacher plays the role of a role model.
• Learners explore, observe and learn actively.

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT MODEL

• Propounded by CARL ROGERS.
• Teacher facilitate the learning by helping learners to explore new ideas.
• Teacher encourage learners to think and reflect their uncertain feelings and help them to become better with positive outlook.

PHILOSOPHICAL TEACHING MODELS

ISRAEL SAFFER mentioned different models under philosophical teaching models.

IMPRESSION MODEL

• Propounded by- JOHN LOCKE
• He stated that the child’s brain is like a blank slate at the time of birth ,experiences provided by teaching creates impressions on his brain. So, the success depends solely on teacher’s ability to communicate the ideas to the learners.

INSIGHT MODEL

• Propounded by- PLATO
• It opposed the Impression Model and discarded the idea of merely delivering the knowledge.
• It states that both the mental process and language work together in a learning process.

RULE MODEL

• Propounded by- KANT.
• He gave the importance to logical power because logic follows certain rules.
• This model focuses on the development of logical reasoning in learners along with the cultural and moral values.

PSYCHOLOGICAL TEACHING MODELS

BASIC TEACHING MODEL

INTERACTION MODEL

SCHOOL LEARNING MODEL

• Propounded by- JOHN CAROL.
• It gives importance to Intelligence and performance in entering behavior.
• Level of instruction is maintained according to the learners.
• Learning Opportunities are provided during instructional process.

COMPUTER BASED MODEL

• Propounded by- LOWRENCE STULORO & DANIEL DAVIS.
• Most complicated model.
• Elements of this model are-

1. Entering Behavior of learner.
2. Determination of Learning Objectives.
3. Teaching by using Computer Teaching Plan.

MERITS

• It helps in development of power of imagination of learners.
• Development of reasoning power of students .
• It helps to analyze things systematically.
• Development of observation power of learner takes place.
• Improvement of natural way of teaching and learning .
• It keeps the learners actively engaged in learning activity.

LIMITATIONS

• All students of class may not be able to participate in learning process.
• It put heavy loads on students and teachers.
• Some learners are shy which may fail to take advantage of different models of teaching.

SUGGESTIONS

It is necessary to incorporate a few teaching models in the curriculum of teachers education programme at secondary level along with elementary level to familiarize them with different teaching models and help them to make their teaching effective.

CONCLUSION

The thing that is common between all the models is the visible change in the behavior of the learners. Different instructional goals a number of instructional strategies have been developed by the researchers which has transformed the existing knowledge of teaching and learning.

I hope this article helped you. If Yes, then it’s my pleasure and If No, let me know what’s wrong, In both the cases you can comment below and if you have doubts or questions regarding this do comment. I’ll try to answer them all. I’ll be waiting for your feedback.

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